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Economy -
overview:
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The economy
has grown 5-6% per year since 1996 despite
political instability, poor infrastructure,
corruption, insufficient power supplies, and
slow implementation of economic reforms.
Bangladesh remains a poor, overpopulated, and
inefficiently-governed nation. Although more
than half of GDP is generated through the
service sector, 45% of Bangladeshis are employed
in the agriculture sector, with rice as the
single-most-important product. Bangladesh's
growth was resilient during the 2008-09 global
financial crisis and recession. Garment exports,
totaling $12.3 billion in FY09 and remittances
from overseas Bangladeshis totaling $9.7 billion
in FY09 accounted for almost 25% of GDP.
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GDP
(purchasing power parity):
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$259.3
billion (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 47
$244.6
billion (2009 est.)
$231.4
billion (2008 est.)
note:
data
are in 2010 US dollars
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GDP
(official exchange rate):
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$105.4
billion (2010 est.)
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GDP - real
growth rate:
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6% (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world: 36
5.7% (2009
est.)
6% (2008
est.)
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GDP - per
capita (PPP):
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$1,700 (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world: 196
$1,600 (2009
est.)
$1,500 (2008
est.)
note:
data
are in 2010 US dollars
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GDP -
composition by sector:
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agriculture: 18.4%
industry: 28.7%
services: 52.9%
(2010 est.)
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Labor
force:
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73.87 million
country
comparison to the world: 8
note:
extensive
export of labor to Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, UAE,
Oman, Qatar, and Malaysia; workers' remittances
estimated at $10.9 billion in 2009-10 (2010
est.)
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Labor
force - by occupation:
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agriculture: 45%
industry: 30%
services: 25%
(2008)
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Unemployment
rate:
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5.1% (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world: 47
5.1% (2009
est.)
note:
about
40% of the population is underemployed; many
participants in the labor force work only a few
hours a week, at low wages
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Population
below poverty line:
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36.3% (2008
est.)
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Household
income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: 8.8%
highest 10%: 26.6%
(2008 est.)
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Distribution
of family income - Gini index:
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33.2 (2005)
country
comparison to the world: 94
33.6 (1996)
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Investment
(gross fixed):
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23.8% of GDP
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 48 |
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Public
debt:
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39.3% of GDP
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 74
39.7% of GDP
(2009 est.)
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Inflation
rate (consumer prices):
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8.1% (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world: 188
5.4% (2009
est.)
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Central
bank discount rate:
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5% (31
October 2010)
country
comparison to the world: 86
5% (31
December 2008)
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Commercial
bank prime lending rate:
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14.6% (31
December 2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 38
16.38% (31
December 2008 est.)
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Stock of
narrow money:
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$13.98
billion (31 December 2010 est)
country
comparison to the world: 67
$10.92
billion (31 December 2009 est)
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Stock of
broad money:
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$57.21
billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 64
$63.03
billion (31 December 2009)
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Stock of
domestic credit:
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$62.2 billion
(31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 60
$53.77
billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Market
value of publicly traded shares:
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$7.068
billion (31 December 2009)
country
comparison to the world: 74
$6.671
billion (31 December 2008)
$6.793
billion (31 December 2007)
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Agriculture
- products:
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rice, jute,
tea, wheat, sugarcane, potatoes, tobacco,
pulses, oilseeds, spices, fruit; beef, milk,
poultry
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Industries:
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cotton
textiles, jute, garments, tea processing, paper
newsprint, cement, chemical fertilizer, light
engineering, sugar
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Industrial
production growth rate:
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6.4% (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world: 50 |
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Electricity
- production:
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25.62 billion
kWh (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 66 |
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Electricity
- consumption:
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23.94 billion
kWh (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 65 |
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Electricity
- exports:
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0 kWh (2008
est.)
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Electricity
- imports:
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0 kWh (2008
est.)
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Oil -
production:
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5,733 bbl/day
(2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 91 |
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Oil -
consumption:
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96,000
bbl/day (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 76 |
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Oil -
exports:
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2,612 bbl/day
(2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 109 |
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Oil -
imports:
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87,660
bbl/day (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 67 |
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Oil -
proved reserves:
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28 million
bbl (1 January 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 82 |
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Natural
gas - production:
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19.7 billion
cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 32 |
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Natural
gas - consumption:
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19.7 billion
cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 35 |
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Natural
gas - exports:
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0 cu m (2008
est.)
country
comparison to the world: 199 |
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Natural
gas - imports:
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0 cu m (2008
est.)
country
comparison to the world: 199 |
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Natural
gas - proved reserves:
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195.4 billion
cu m (1 January 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 46 |
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Current
account balance:
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$3.734
billion (2010)
country
comparison to the world: 34
$2.416
billion (2009)
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Exports:
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$16.24
billion (2010)
country
comparison to the world: 73
$15.58
billion (2009)
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Exports -
commodities:
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garments,
frozen fish and seafood, jute and jute goods,
leather
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Exports -
partners:
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US 22.5%,
Germany 14.2%, UK 9.6%, France 7%, Netherlands
6.4% (2009)
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Imports:
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$21.34
billion (2010)
country
comparison to the world: 68
$20.3 billion
(2009)
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Imports -
commodities:
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machinery and
equipment, chemicals, iron and steel, textiles,
foodstuffs, petroleum products, cement
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Imports -
partners:
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China 16.16%,
India 12.61%, Singapore 7.55%, Japan 4.63%,
Malaysia 4.46% (2009)
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Reserves
of foreign exchange and gold:
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$10.79
billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 53
$10.34
billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt -
external:
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$24.46
billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 69
$24.22
billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Stock of
direct foreign investment - at home:
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$6.72 billion
(31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 83
$5.617
billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Stock of
direct foreign investment - abroad:
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$82 million
(31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 80
$81 million
(31 December 2009 est.)
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Exchange
rates:
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taka (BDT)
per US dollar - 70.59 (2010), 69.039 (2009),
68.554 (2008), 69.893 (2007), 69.031 (2006)
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