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Cambodia's
Main Page
Facts
About Cambodia
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Population:
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14,753,320
country
comparison to the world:
66
note:
estimates
for this country take into account the effects of
excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in
lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality,
higher death rates, lower population growth rates,
and changes in the distribution of population by
age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2010 est.)
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 32.2%
(male 2,399,960/female 2,345,571)
15-64 years: 64.2%
(male 4,615,599/female 4,850,369)
65 years and over: 3.7%
(male 202,474/female 339,347) (2010 est.)
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Median age:
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total: 22.5
years
male: 21.8
years
female: 23.2
years (2010 est.)
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Population growth
rate:
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1.777% (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
70 |
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Birth rate:
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25.77 births/1,000 population
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
59 |
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Death rate:
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8 deaths/1,000 population (July
2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
107 |
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Net migration rate:
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NA
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Urbanization:
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urban population: 22%
of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 4.6%
annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.045
male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02
male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.95
male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.6
male(s)/female
total population: 0.96
male(s)/female (2010 est.)
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Infant mortality
rate:
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total: 53.04
deaths/1,000 live births
country
comparison to the world:
46
male: 59.97
deaths/1,000 live births
female: 45.79
deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)
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Life expectancy at
birth:
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total population: 62.52
years
country
comparison to the world:
177
male: 60.41
years
female: 64.71
years (2010 est.)
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Total fertility
rate:
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3 children born/woman (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
68 |
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HIV/AIDS - adult
prevalence rate:
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0.8% (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
62 |
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HIV/AIDS - people
living with HIV/AIDS:
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75,000 (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
54 |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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6,900 (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
40 |
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Major infectious
diseases:
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degree of risk: very
high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial
and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid
fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue
fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria
note:
highly
pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been
identified in this country; it poses a negligible
risk with extremely rare cases possible among US
citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
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Nationality:
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noun: Cambodian(s)
adjective: Cambodian
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Ethnic groups:
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Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%,
Chinese 1%, other 4%
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Religions:
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Buddhist 96.4%, Muslim 2.1%,
other 1.3%, unspecified 0.2% (1998 census)
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Languages:
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Khmer (official) 95%, French,
English
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Literacy:
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definition: age
15 and over can read and write
total population: 73.6%
male: 84.7%
female: 64.1%
(2004 est.)
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School life
expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
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total: 10
years
male: 10
years
female: 9
years (2006)
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Education
expenditures:
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1.7% of GDP (2004)
country
comparison to the world:
172
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Country
name:
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conventional
long form: Kingdom
of Cambodia
conventional
short form: Cambodia
local
long form: Preahreacheanachakr
Kampuchea (phonetic pronunciation)
local
short form: Kampuchea
former:
Khmer
Republic, Democratic Kampuchea,
People's Republic of Kampuchea, State
of Cambodia
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Government
type:
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multiparty
democracy under a constitutional
monarchy
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Capital:
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name:
Phnom
Penh
geographic
coordinates: 11
33 N, 104 55 E
time
difference: UTC+7
(12 hours ahead of Washington, DC
during Standard Time)
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Administrative
divisions:
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23
provinces (khett, singular and plural)
and 1 municipality (krong, singular
and plural)
provinces:
Banteay
Mean Choay, Batdambang, Kampong Cham,
Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe, Kampong
Thum, Kampot, Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Keb,
Krachen, Mondol Kiri, Otdar Mean Choay,
Pailin, Pouthisat, Preah Seihanu (Sihanoukville),
Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Rotanokiri,
Siem Reab, Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng,
Takev
municipalities:
Phnum
Penh (Phnom Penh)
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Independence:
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9
November 1953 (from France)
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National
holiday:
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Independence
Day, 9 November (1953)
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Constitution:
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promulgated
21 September 1993
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Legal
system:
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civil
law system (influenced by the UN
Transitional Authority in Cambodia)
customary law, Communist legal theory,
and common law
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International
law organization participation:
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accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with
reservations; accepts ICCt
jurisdiction
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Suffrage:
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18
years of age; universal
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Executive
branch:
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chief
of state: King
Norodom SIHAMONI (since 29 October
2004)
head
of government: Prime
Minister HUN SEN (since 14 January
1985) [co-prime minister from 1993 to
1997]; Permanent Deputy Prime Minister
MEN SAM AN (since 25 September 2008);
Deputy Prime Ministers SAR KHENG
(since 3 February 1992); SOK AN, TEA
BANH, HOR NAMHONG, NHEK BUNCHHAY
(since 16 July 2004); BIN CHHIN (since
5 September 2007); KEAT CHHON, YIM
CHHAI LY (since 24 September 2008); KE
KIMYAN (since 12 March 2009)
cabinet:
Council
of Ministers named by the prime
minister and appointed by the monarch
(For
more information visit the World Leaders
website
elections:
the
king chosen by a Royal Throne Council
from among all eligible males of royal
descent; following legislative
elections, a member of the majority
party or majority coalition named
prime minister by the Chairman of the
National Assembly and appointed by the
king
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Legislative
branch:
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bicameral,
consists of the Senate (61 seats; 2
members appointed by the monarch, 2
elected by the National Assembly, and
57 elected by parliamentarians and
commune councils; members serve
five-year terms) and the National
Assembly (123 seats; members elected
by popular vote to serve five-year
terms)
elections:
Senate
- last held on 22 January 2006 (next
to be held in January 2012); National
Assembly - last held on 27 July 2008
(next to be held in July 2013)
election
results: Senate
- percent of vote by party - CPP 69%,
FUNCINPEC 21%, SRP 10%; seats by party
- CPP 45, FUNCINPEC 10, SRP 2;
National Assembly - percent of vote by
party - CPP 58%, SRP 22%, HRP 7%; NRP
6%; FUNCINPEC 5%; others 2%; seats by
party - CPP 90, SRP 26, HRP 3,
FUNCINPEC 2, NRP 2
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Judicial
branch:
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Supreme
Council of the Magistracy (provided
for in the constitution and formed in
December 1997); Supreme Court (and
lower courts) exercises judicial
authority
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Political
parties and leaders:
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Cambodian
People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM];
Human Rights Party or HRP [KHEM SOKHA,
also spelled KEM SOKHA]; National
United Front for an Independent,
Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative
Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [KEV PUT
REAKSMEI]; Nationalist Party or NP [CHHIM
SEAK LENG] (formerly the NRP); Sam
Rangsi Party or SRP [SAM RANGSI, also
spelled SAM RAINSY]
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Political
pressure groups and leaders:
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Cambodian
Freedom Fighters or CFF; Partnership
for Transparency Fund or PTF
(anti-corruption organization);
Students Movement for Democracy; The
Committee for Free and Fair Elections
or Comfrel
other:
human
rights organizations; vendors
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International
organization participation:
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ADB,
ARF, ASEAN, CICA (observer), EAS, FAO,
G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC,
IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC,
IOM, IPU, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA,
NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD,
UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMIS, UNWTO,
UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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Diplomatic
representation in the US:
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chief
of mission: Ambassador
HENG HEM
chancery:
4530
16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011
telephone:
[1]
(202) 726-7742
FAX:
[1]
(202) 726-8381
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Diplomatic
representation from the US:
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chief
of mission: Ambassador
Carol A. RODLEY
embassy:
#1,
Street 96, Sangkat Wat Phnom, Khan
Daun Penh, Phnom Penh
mailing
address: Box
P, APO AP 96546
telephone:
[855]
(23) 728-000
FAX:
[855]
(23) 728-600
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Flag
description:
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three
horizontal bands of blue (top), red
(double width), and blue with a white
three-towered temple representing
Angkor Wat outlined in black in the
center of the red band; red and blue
are traditional Cambodian colors
note:
only
national flag to incorporate an actual
building in its design
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National
anthem:
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name:
"Nokoreach"
(Royal Kingdom)
lyrics/music:
CHUON
NAT/F. PERRUCHOT and J. JEKYLL
note:
adopted
1941, restored 1993; the anthem, based
on a Cambodian folk tune, was restored
after the defeat of the Communist
regime
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Economy
- overview:
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From
2004 to 2007, the economy grew about
10% per year, driven largely by an
expansion in the garment sector,
construction, agriculture, and
tourism. GDP contracted slightly in
2009 as a result of the global
economic slowdown, but climbed more
than 4% in 1010, driven by renewed
exports. With the January 2005
expiration of a WTO Agreement on
Textiles and Clothing, Cambodian
textile producers were forced to
compete directly with lower-priced
countries such as China, India,
Vietnam, and Bangladesh. The garment
industry currently employs more than
280,000 people - about 5% of the work
force - and contributes more than 70%
of Cambodia's exports. In 2005,
exploitable oil deposits were found
beneath Cambodia's territorial waters,
representing a new revenue stream for
the government if commercial
extraction begins. Mining also is
attracting significant investor
interest, particularly in the northern
parts of the country. The government
has said opportunities exist for
mining bauxite, gold, iron and gems.
In 2006, a US-Cambodia bilateral Trade
and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA)
was signed, and several rounds of
discussions have been held since 2007.
Rubber exports increased about 25% in
2009 due to rising global demand. The
tourism industry has continued to grow
rapidly, with foreign arrivals
exceeding 2 million per year in
2007-08; however, economic troubles
abroad dampened growth in 2009. The
global financial crisis is weakening
demand for Cambodian exports, and
construction is declining due to a
shortage of credit. The long-term
development of the economy remains a
daunting challenge. The Cambodian
government is working with bilateral
and multilateral donors, including the
World Bank and IMF, to address the
country's many pressing needs. The
major economic challenge for Cambodia
over the next decade will be
fashioning an economic environment in
which the private sector can create
enough jobs to handle Cambodia's
demographic imbalance. More than 50%
of the population is less than 25
years old. The population lacks
education and productive skills,
particularly in the poverty-ridden
countryside, which suffers from an
almost total lack of basic
infrastructure.
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GDP
(purchasing power parity):
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$30.18
billion (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 108
$28.47
billion (2009 est.)
$29.04
billion (2008 est.)
note:
data
are in 2010 US dollars
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GDP
(official exchange rate):
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$11.63
billion (2010 est.)
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GDP
- real growth rate:
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6%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 54
-2%
(2009 est.)
6.7%
(2008 est.)
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GDP
- per capita (PPP):
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$2,100
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 189
$2,000
(2009 est.)
$2,100
(2008 est.)
note:
data
are in 2010 US dollars
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GDP
- composition by sector:
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agriculture:
33.4%
industry:
21.4%
services:
45.2%
(2009 est.)
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Labor
force:
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8.8
million (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 53 |
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Labor
force - by occupation:
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agriculture:
57.6%
industry:
15.9%
services:
26.5%
(2009 est.)
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Unemployment
rate:
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3.5%
(2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 29
2.5%
(2000 est.)
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Population
below poverty line:
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31%
(2007 est.)
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Household
income or consumption by percentage
share:
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lowest
10%: 3%
highest
10%: 34.2%
(2007)
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Distribution
of family income - Gini index:
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43
(2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 48
40
(2004 est.)
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Investment
(gross fixed):
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23%
of GDP (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 58 |
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Budget:
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revenues:
$1.413
billion
expenditures:
$2.079
billion (2010 est.)
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Inflation
rate (consumer prices):
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4.1%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 117
-0.7%
(2009)
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Central
bank discount rate:
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NA%
(31 December 2008)
country
comparison to the world: 79
5.25%
(31 December 2007)
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Commercial
bank prime lending rate:
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17%
(31 December 2009)
country
comparison to the world: 36
16.01%
(31 December 2008)
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Stock
of narrow money:
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$850.7
million (31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 144
$747.2
million (31 December 2009 est.)
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Stock
of broad money:
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$4.982
billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 119
$3.899
billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Stock
of domestic credit:
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$2.195
billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 124
$1.991
billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Market
value of publicly traded shares:
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$NA
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Agriculture
- products:
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rice,
rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews,
tapioca, silk
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Industries:
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tourism,
garments, construction, rice milling,
fishing, wood and wood products,
rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles
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Industrial
production growth rate:
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5.7%
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 63 |
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Electricity
- production:
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1.273
billion kWh (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 142 |
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Electricity
- consumption:
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1.272
billion kWh (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 143 |
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Electricity
- exports:
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0
kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity
- imports:
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167
million kWh (2007 est.)
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Oil
- production:
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0
bbl/day (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 157 |
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Oil
- consumption:
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4,000
bbl/day (2009 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 173 |
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Oil
- exports:
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0
bbl/day (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 153 |
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Oil
- imports:
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30,970
bbl/day (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 97 |
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Oil
- proved reserves:
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0
bbl (1 January 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 113 |
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Natural
gas - production:
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0
cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 107 |
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Natural
gas - consumption:
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0
cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 154 |
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Natural
gas - exports:
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0
cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 69 |
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Natural
gas - imports:
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0
cu m (2008 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 161 |
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Natural
gas - proved reserves:
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0
cu m (1 January 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 117 |
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Current
account balance:
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$-918
million (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 130
$-865.7
million (2009 est.)
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Exports:
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$4.687
billion (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 109
$4.186
billion (2009 est.)
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Exports
- commodities:
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clothing,
timber, rubber, rice, fish, tobacco,
footwear
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Exports
- partners:
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Hong
Kong 33%, US 31.2%, Singapore 9.7%
(2009)
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Imports:
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$6.005
billion (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 106
$5.876
billion (2009 est.)
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Imports
- commodities:
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petroleum
products, cigarettes, gold,
construction materials, machinery,
motor vehicles, pharmaceutical
products
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Imports
- partners:
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China
22.6%, Vietnam 12.7%, Hong Kong 12.4%,
Thailand 11.9%, South Korea 5.4%,
Singapore 5.4% (2009)
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Reserves
of foreign exchange and gold:
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$3.84
billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 81
$3.289
billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt
- external:
|
$4.338
billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 111
$4.284
billion (31 December 2009 est.)
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Exchange
rates:
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riels
(KHR) per US dollar -
4,145
(2010)
4,139
(2009)
4,070.94
(2008)
4,006
(2007)
4,103
(2006)
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Communications
::Cambodia |
Telephones
- main lines in use:
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54,200
(2009)
country
comparison to the world: 160 |
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Telephones
- mobile cellular:
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5.593
million (2009)
country
comparison to the world: 91 |
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Telephone
system:
|
general
assessment: adequate
fixed-line and/or cellular service in
Phnom Penh and other provincial
cities; mobile-cellular phone systems
are widely used in urban areas to
bypass deficiencies in the fixed-line
network; mobile-phone coverage is
rapidly expanding in rural areas
domestic:
fixed-line
connections stand at well less than 1
per 100 persons; mobile-cellular
usage, aided by increasing competition
among service providers, is increasing
and stands at 40 per 100 persons
international:
country
code - 855; adequate but expensive
landline and cellular service
available to all countries from Phnom
Penh and major provincial cities;
satellite earth station - 1
Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region)
(2009)
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Broadcast
media:
|
mixture
of state-owned, joint public-private,
and privately-owned broadcast media; 9
TV broadcast stations with most
operating on multiple channels,
including 1 state-operated station
broadcasting from multiple locations,
6 stations either jointly operated or
privately-owned with some broadcasting
from several locations, and 2 TV relay
stations - one relaying a French
television station and the other
relaying a Vietnamese television
station; multi-channel cable and
satellite systems are available;
roughly 50 radio broadcast stations -
1 state-owned broadcaster with
multiple stations and a large mixture
of public and private broadcasters;
several international broadcasters are
available (2009)
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Internet
country code:
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.kh
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Internet
hosts:
|
5,452
(2010)
country
comparison to the world: 138 |
|
Internet
users:
|
78,500
(2009)
country
comparison to the world: 166
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Transportation
::Cambodia |
Airports:
|
17
(2010)
country
comparison to the world: 140 |
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Airports
- with paved runways:
|
total:
6
2,438
to 3,047 m: 3
1,524
to 2,437 m: 2
914
to 1,523 m: 1
(2010)
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Airports
- with unpaved runways:
|
total:
11
1,524
to 2,437 m: 1
914
to 1,523 m: 9
under
914 m: 1
(2010)
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Heliports:
|
1
(2010)
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Railways:
|
total:
690
km
country
comparison to the world: 101
narrow
gauge: 690
km 1.000-m gauge
note:
under
restoration (2010)
|
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Roadways:
|
total:
38,093
km
country
comparison to the world: 90
paved:
2,977
km
unpaved:
35,116
km (2007)
|
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Waterways:
|
2,400
km (mainly on Mekong River) (2010)
country
comparison to the world: 36 |
|
Merchant
marine:
|
total:
620
country
comparison to the world: 20
by
type: bulk
carrier 40, cargo 526, carrier 5,
chemical tanker 5, container 5,
liquefied gas 1, passenger 1,
passenger/cargo 7, petroleum tanker
12, refrigerated cargo 13, roll
on/roll off 5
foreign-owned:
426
(Belgium 1, Canada 2, China 203,
Cyprus 8, Egypt 12, Estonia 1, French
Polynesia 1, Gabon 1, Greece 2, Hong
Kong 11, Indonesia 2, Japan 2, Latvia
1, Lebanon 6, Netherlands 1, Romania
1, Russia 60, Singapore 4, South Korea
11, Syria 22, Taiwan 1, Turkey 26, UAE
2, UK 3, Ukraine 37, US 4, Vietnam 1)
note:
this
country allows large numbers of ships
owned by foreign entities to be
registered in its national shipping
registry and to fly its flag; these
ships operate under the laws of the
flag state (2010)
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Ports
and terminals:
|
Phnom
Penh, Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville)
|
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Military
branches:
|
Royal
Cambodian Armed Forces: Royal
Cambodian Army, Royal Khmer Navy,
Royal Cambodian Air Force (2011)
|
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Military
service age and obligation:
|
conscription
law of October 2006 requires all males
between 18-30 to register for military
service; 18-month service obligation
(2006)
|
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Manpower
available for military service:
|
males
age 16-49: 3,883,724
females
age 16-49: 4,003,585
(2010 est.)
|
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Manpower
fit for military service:
|
males
age 16-49: 2,638,167
females
age 16-49: 2,965,328
(2010 est.)
|
|
Manpower
reaching militarily significant age
annually:
|
male:
151,143
female:
154,542
(2010 est.)
|
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Military
expenditures:
|
3%
of GDP (2005 est.)
country
comparison to the world: 46
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Transnational
Issues ::Cambodia |
Disputes
- international:
|
|
Cambodia
is concerned about Laos' extensive
upstream dam construction; Cambodia
and Thailand dispute sections of
boundary; in 2011 Thailand and
Cambodia resorted to arms in the
dispute over the location of the
boundary on the precipice surmounted
by Preah Vihear temple ruins, awarded
to Cambodia by ICJ decision in 1962
and part of a planned UN World
Heritage site; Cambodia accuses
Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit
cross-border activities; Progress on a
joint development area with Vietnam is
hampered by an unresolved dispute over
sovereignty of offshore islands
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Illicit
drugs:
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narcotics-related
corruption reportedly involving some
in the government, military, and
police; limited methamphetamine
production; vulnerable to money
laundering due to its cash-based
economy and porous borders
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