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Cambodia's
Main Page
People
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Most
of the people who live in Cambodia are ethnic Cambodian,
averaging between 90-95% of the total population making
Cambodia the most homogenous country in South-East Asia.
Vietnamese make up the largest minority group with about
five percent of the population and Chinese make up another
one percent. With one of the highest population
growth rates in Asia (2.5% per year), Cambodia had a
population of a little over 11million in 1998.
Due
to the Khmer Rouge rule during which residents were forced
to move out of the cities, most of the population lives in
rural areas, with only about a tenth living in urban
areas.
90% of its population is of
Khmer origin and speaks the Khmer language, the country's
official language. The remainder include Chinese,
Vietnamese, Cham and Khmer Loeu.
The Khmer language is a
member of the Mon-Khmer subfamily of the Austroasiatic
language group. French, once the language of government in
Indochina, is still spoken by some older Cambodians.
French is also the language of instruction in some schools
and universities that are funded by the government of
France. Cambodian French, a remnant of the country's
colonial past, is a dialect found in Cambodia and is
sometimes used in government.
However, in recent decades,
many younger Cambodians and those in the business-class
have favoured learning English. In the major cities and
tourist centers, English is widely spoken and taught at a
large number of schools because of the overwhelming number
of tourists from English-speaking countries. Even in the
most rural outposts, most young people speak at least some
English, as it is often taught by monks at the local
pagodas where many children are educated.
Local women at a market
in Battambang
| Cambodia
religiosity |
| religion |
|
|
percent |
|
| Buddhism |
|
96% |
| Islam |
|
2% |
| Christianity |
|
2% |
The dominant religion, a
form of Theravada Buddhism (95%), was suppressed by the
Khmer Rouge but has since experienced a revival. Islam
(3%) and Christianity (2%) are also practiced.
The civil war and its
aftermath have had a marked effect on the Cambodian
population. 50% of the population is younger than 22. At
0.96 males/female, Cambodia has the most female-biased sex
ratio in the Greater Mekong Subregion. In the Cambodian
population over 65, the female to male ratio is 1.6:1.
UNICEF has designated
Cambodia the third most landmined country in the world,
attributing over 60,000 civilian deaths and thousands more
maimed or injured since 1970 to the unexploded land mines
left behind in rual areas. The majority of the victims are
children herding animals or playing in the fields.
Adults that survive
landmines often require amputation of one or more limbs
and have to resort to begging for survival. In 2006, the
number of landmine casualties in Cambodia took a sharp
decrease of more than 50% compared to 2005, with the
number of landmine victims down from 800 in 2005 to less
than 400 in 2006. The reduced casualty rate continued in
2007, with 208 casualties (38 killed and 170 injured).
Health
Main article: Health in
Cambodia
Cambodia's infant mortality
rate has decreased from 115 in 1993 to 89.4 per 1000 live
births in 1998. In the same period, the under-five
mortality rate decreased from 181 to 115 per 1000 live
births. In the province with worst health indicators,
Ratanakiri, 22.9% of children die before the age of five.
Motto
"Nation, Religion, King" |
Anthem: Nokoreach
Royal Kingdom
|
Location
of Cambodia (green)
in
ASEAN (dark
grey) — [Legend]
|
Capital
(and
largest city) |
Phnom
Penh
 11°33′N
104°55′E
/ 11.55°N
104.917°E
/ 11.55;
104.917 |
| Official
language(s) |
Khmer |
| Official
script |
Khmer
script |
| Demonym |
Khmer
or Cambodian |
| Government |
Constitutional
monarchy,
Parliamentary
representative
democracy |
| - |
Monarch |
Norodom
Sihamoni |
| - |
Prime
Minister |
Hun
Sen |
| Legislature |
Parliament |
| - |
Upper
House |
Senate |
| - |
Lower
House |
National
Assembly |
| Formation |
| - |
Khmer
Empire |
802 |
| - |
French
Colonization |
1863 |
| - |
Independence
from France |
November 9,
1953 |
| - |
Khmer
Republic |
March 18,
1970 |
| - |
Monarchy
Restored |
September 24,
1993 |
| Area |
| - |
Total |
181,035 km2 (88th)
69,898 sq mi |
| - |
Water (%) |
2.5 |
| Population |
| - |
2010 estimate |
14,805,000[1] (66th) |
| - |
2008 census |
13,388,910 |
| - |
Density |
81.8/km2 (125th)
211.8/sq mi |
| GDP (PPP) |
2009 estimate |
| - |
Total |
$28.092
billion[2] |
| - |
Per
capita |
$2,084[2] |
| GDP
(nominal) |
2009 estimate |
| - |
Total |
$11.453
billion[2] |
| - |
Per
capita |
$805[2] |
| HDI (2007) |
▲
0.593[3] (medium) (137th) |
| Currency |
Riel
(KHR) |
| Time
zone |
(UTC+7) |
| Drives
on the |
right |
| Internet
TLD |
.kh |
| Calling
code |
855 |
|
| CIA Fact |
|
Population:
|
|
14,753,320
country
comparison to the world:
66
note:
estimates
for this country take into account the effects of
excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in
lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality,
higher death rates, lower population growth rates,
and changes in the distribution of population by
age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July
2010 est.)
|
|
|
Age structure:
|
|
0-14 years: 32.2%
(male 2,399,960/female 2,345,571)
15-64 years: 64.2%
(male 4,615,599/female 4,850,369)
65 years and over: 3.7%
(male 202,474/female 339,347) (2010 est.)
|
|
|
Median age:
|
|
total: 22.5
years
male: 21.8
years
female: 23.2
years (2010 est.)
|
|
|
Population growth
rate:
|
|
1.777% (2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
70 |
|
|
Birth rate:
|
|
25.77 births/1,000 population
(2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
59 |
|
|
Death rate:
|
|
8 deaths/1,000 population (July
2010 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
107 |
|
|
Net migration rate:
|
|
NA
|
|
|
Urbanization:
|
|
urban population: 22%
of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 4.6%
annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
|
|
|
Sex ratio:
|
|
at birth: 1.045
male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02
male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.95
male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.6
male(s)/female
total population: 0.96
male(s)/female (2010 est.)
|
|
|
Infant mortality
rate:
|
|
total: 53.04
deaths/1,000 live births
country
comparison to the world:
46
male: 59.97
deaths/1,000 live births
female: 45.79
deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)
|
|
|
Life expectancy at
birth:
|
|
total population: 62.52
years
country
comparison to the world:
177
male: 60.41
years
female: 64.71
years (2010 est.)
|
|
|
Total fertility
rate:
|
|
3 children born/woman (2010
est.)
country
comparison to the world:
68 |
|
|
HIV/AIDS - adult
prevalence rate:
|
|
0.8% (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
62 |
|
|
HIV/AIDS - people
living with HIV/AIDS:
|
|
75,000 (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
54 |
|
|
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
|
|
6,900 (2007 est.)
country
comparison to the world:
40 |
|
|
Major infectious
diseases:
|
|
degree of risk: very
high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial
and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid
fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue
fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria
note:
highly
pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been
identified in this country; it poses a negligible
risk with extremely rare cases possible among US
citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
|
|
|
Nationality:
|
|
noun: Cambodian(s)
adjective: Cambodian
|
|
|
Ethnic groups:
|
|
Khmer 90%, Vietnamese 5%,
Chinese 1%, other 4%
|
|
|
Religions:
|
|
Buddhist 96.4%, Muslim 2.1%,
other 1.3%, unspecified 0.2% (1998 census)
|
|
|
Languages:
|
|
Khmer (official) 95%, French,
English
|
|
|
Literacy:
|
|
definition: age
15 and over can read and write
total population: 73.6%
male: 84.7%
female: 64.1%
(2004 est.)
|
|
|
School life
expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
|
|
total: 10
years
male: 10
years
female: 9
years (2006)
|
|
|
Education
expenditures:
|
|
1.7% of GDP (2004)
country
comparison to the world:
172
|
|
|
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![Location of Cambodia (green)in ASEAN (dark grey) — [Legend]](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Location_Cambodia_ASEAN.svg)
