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AsianInfo.org
travelled to the Philippines (Manila) to show details of
life and places. This travel information is part of a
series to help you know what to expect when you travel to
the Philippines.
Introduction
::Philippines
The Philippine Islands became a
Spanish colony during the 16th century; they were ceded
to the US in 1898 following the Spanish-American War. In
1935 the Philippines became a self-governing
commonwealth. Manuel QUEZON was elected president and
was tasked with preparing the country for independence
after a 10-year transition. In 1942 the islands fell
under Japanese occupation during World War II, and US
forces and Filipinos fought together during 1944-45 to
regain control. On 4 July 1946 the Republic of the
Philippines attained its independence. A 20-year rule by
Ferdinand MARCOS ended in 1986, when a "people
power" movement in Manila ("EDSA 1")
forced him into exile and installed Corazon AQUINO as
president. Her presidency was hampered by several coup
attempts that prevented a return to full political
stability and economic development. Fidel RAMOS was
elected president in 1992. His administration was marked
by increased stability and by progress on economic
reforms. In 1992, the US closed its last military bases
on the islands. Joseph ESTRADA was elected president in
1998. He was succeeded by his vice-president, Gloria
MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, in January 2001 after ESTRADA's stormy
impeachment trial on corruption charges broke down and
another "people power" movement ("EDSA
2") demanded his resignation. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO was
elected to a six-year term as president in May 2004. Her
presidency was marred by several corruption allegations
but the Philippine economy was one of the few to avoid
contraction following the 2008 global financial crisis,
expanding each year of her administration. Benigno
AQUINO III was elected to a six-year term as president
in May 2010. The Philippine Government faces threats
from several groups on the US Government's Foreign
Terrorist Organization list. Manila has waged a
decades-long struggle against ethnic Moro insurgencies
in the southern Philippines, which has led to a peace
accord with the Moro National Liberation Front and
on-again/off-again peace talks with the Moro Islamic
Liberation Front. The decades-long Maoist-inspired New
Peoples' Army insurgency also operates through much of
the country.
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